#Kvm

Ada sesetengah orang, sebelum mula bereksperimentasi dengan pemasangan di mesin sebenar, mesti cuba melalui mesin maya dulu. Manalah tahu, kot-kot ada yang mahu cuba belajar dual-boot Windows dengan sistem Linux kan?

Jadi di sini, saya terangkan sikitlah cara untuk load live CD sistem operasi Linux dengan UEFI dibolehdayakan. Sebagaimana biasa, cedok dari ArchWiki-lah.

Oleh sebab saya gunakan Arch Linux, maka di sini juga saya akan gunakan live CD Arch Linux sebagai demo.

Hantaran kali ini berkisar pemasangan Windows di mesin maya.

I honestly am not in the state where I can write a neat introduction for this specific action so I will just proceed to the steps I took for having this successfully done.

1. I installed ovmf by following the instructions specified on the archwiki;
2. Then proceeded to boot the archiso on QEMU.
   
   
   This is the command that I used:-
   

   qemu-system-x86_64 -enable-kvm -m 2G \
       -device intel-hda -device hda-duplex -device virtio-balloon \
       -drive if=pflash,format=raw,readonly=on,file=/usr/share/edk2-ovmf/x64/OVMF_CODE.fd \
       -drive if=pflash,format=raw,file=/path-to-my_uefi_vars.fd \
       -drive file=/path-to-linux.img,if=virtio \
       -virtfs local,path=/path-to-shared-folder,mount_tag=hostshare,security_model=none,id=fsdev0 \
       -cdrom /path-to-archlinux-x86_64.iso -boot d

   
   I explain below what the commands are used for:-
   • -device intel-hda -device hda-duplex: I made it a habit to have the sound device loaded even though I do not need it for my VM;
   • the next two lines: To enable UEFI support as instructed in the archwiki; &
   • the next two lines before the last line: Virtio loaded to enable its block device as well as folder/file sharing from Host OS to Guest OS.
3. Once booted, I created an ESP partition as well as a Linux LVM partition with gdisk. Both were formatted as FAT32 and EXT4 respectively;
   
   

   
   

   
   

   
   

   
   
4. I mounted the LVM partition on /mnt, created a mount point for a shared folder and mounted it through the 'hostshare' mount_tag (I did this to copy all the base packages installed on Host OS into the Guest OS so that I no longer needed to wait for the packages to be downloaded) and continued with the general installation.
   :exclamation:   Command for mounting hostshare:-

   mount -t 9p -o trans=virtio,version=9p2000.L hostshare /mnt/share

   Part of these steps may be seen in the images below:
   
   

   
   

   
   Quoted from ArchWiki ;

   "You could omit the installation of the firmware package when installing in a virtual machine or container."

   
   

   
   
5. Since Arch Linux was installed on a LVM partition, 'lvm2' needs to be added to 'HOOKS' line in /etc/mkinitcpio.conf file before running mkinitcpio:-
   

   
6. After that, I installed grub (grub2) as well as efibootmgr and add 'lvm' to a line where it says 'GRUB_PRELOAD_MODULES' in /etc/default/grub file. Next, I mounted the ESP partition on /mnt/boot and run the following commands:-
   

   grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --efi-directory=/mnt/boot --boot-directory=/mnt/boot --bootloader-id=GRUB
   grub-mkconfig -o /mnt/boot/grub/grub.cfg